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<title>Conserved Domain Database</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Conserved Domain Database</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:"><caption class="infobox-title summary">CDD</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; background-color: light-dark(lavender,#353549) !important;">Content</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Description</th><td class="infobox-data">Conserved Domain Database for the functional annotation of proteins.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; background-color: light-dark(lavender,#353549) !important;">Contact</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="Research_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Research center">Research center</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Authors</th><td class="infobox-data">Aron Marchler-Bauer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Primary citation</th><td class="infobox-data">Marchler-Bauer & al. (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-CDD_reference_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDD_reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">2003</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; background-color: light-dark(lavender,#353549) !important;">Access</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Conserved Domain Database</b> (<b>CDD</b>) is a database of well-annotated <a href="Multiple_sequence_alignment" title="Multiple sequence alignment">multiple sequence alignment</a> models and derived database search models, for ancient <a href="Protein_domain" title="Protein domain">domains</a> and full-length proteins.<sup id="cite_ref-CDD_reference_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDD_reference-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The database consists of position-specific score matrices and serves as resource for protein annotation such as identification of conserved domain or inference of functional site.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophy">Philosophy</h2></div>

<p>Domains can be thought of as distinct functional and/or structural units of a protein. These two classifications coincide rather often, as a matter of fact, and what is found as an independently folding unit of a polypeptide chain also carries specific function. Domains are often identified as recurring (sequence or structure) units, which may exist in various contexts. In <a href="Molecular_evolution" title="Molecular evolution">molecular evolution</a> such domains may have been utilized as building blocks, and may have been recombined in different arrangements to modulate protein function. CDD defines conserved domains as recurring units in molecular evolution, the extents of which can be determined by sequence and structure analysis.

</p><p>The goal of the NCBI conserved domain curation project is to provide database users with insights into how patterns of residue conservation and divergence in a family relate to functional properties, and to provide useful links to more detailed information that may help to understand those sequence/structure/function relationships. To do this, CDD Curators include the following types of information in order to supplement and enrich the traditional multiple sequence alignments that form the foundation of domain models: 3-dimensional structures and conserved core motifs, conserved features/sites, phylogenetic organization, links to electronic literature resources.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2></div>

<p>CDD content includes NCBI manually curated domain models and domain models imported from a number of external source databases (<a href="Pfam" title="Pfam">Pfam</a>, SMART, COG, PRK, <a href="TIGRFAMs" title="TIGRFAMs">TIGRFAMs</a>). What is unique about NCBI-curated domains is that they use 3D-structure information to explicitly define domain boundaries, align blocks, amend alignment details, and provide insights into sequence/structure/function relationships. Manually curated models are organized hierarchically if they describe domain families that are clearly related by common descent. To provide a non-redundant view of the data, CDD clusters similar domain models from various sources into superfamilies.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Searching_the_database">Searching the database</h2></div>

<p>The collection is also part of NCBI's <a href="Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a> query and retrieval system, crosslinked to numerous other resources. CDD provides annotation of domain footprints and conserved functional sites on protein sequences. Precalculated domain annotation can be retrieved for protein sequences tracked in NCBI's Entrez system, and CDD's collection of models can be queried with novel protein sequences via * <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/wrpsb.cgi">"the CD-Search service"</a>. United States National Center for Biotechnology Information.</cite>, or at* <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/bwrpsb/bwrpsb.cgi">"the Batch CD-Search"</a>. United States National Center for Biotechnology Information.</cite>, that allows the computation and download of annotation for large sets of protein queries.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-CDD_reference-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CDD_reference_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDD_reference_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarchler-BauerZhengChitsazDerbyshire2012" class="citation journal cs1">Marchler-Bauer, A.; Zheng, C.; Chitsaz, F.; Derbyshire, M. K.; Geer, L. Y.; Geer, R. C.; Gonzales, N. R.; Gwadz, M.; Hurwitz, D. I.; Lanczycki, C. J.; Lu, F.; Lu, S.; Marchler, G. H.; Song, J. S.; Thanki, N.; Yamashita, R. A.; Zhang, D.; Bryant, S. H. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3531192">"CDD: Conserved domains and protein three-dimensional structure"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>. <b>41</b> (Database issue): <span class="nowrap">D348 –</span> <span class="nowrap">D352</span>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgks1243">10.1093/nar/gks1243</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3531192">3531192</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197659">23197659</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarchler-BauerLuAndersonChitsaz2011" class="citation journal cs1">Marchler-Bauer, Aron; Lu, Shennan; Anderson, John B.; Chitsaz, Farideh; Derbyshire, Myra K.; DeWeese-Scott, Carol; Fong, Jessica H.; Geer, Lewis Y.; Geer, Renata C.; Gonzales, Noreen R.; Gwadz, Marc; Hurwitz, David I.; Jackson, John D.; Ke, Zhaoxi; Lanczycki, Christopher J. (2011-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/39/suppl_1/D225/2507607">"CDD: a Conserved Domain Database for the functional annotation of proteins"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Research</i>. <b>39</b> (suppl_1): <span class="nowrap">D225 –</span> <span class="nowrap">D229</span>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgkq1189">10.1093/nar/gkq1189</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-1048">0305-1048</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3013737">3013737</a></span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml">"Conserved Domains Database (CDD) and Resource Group"</a>. United States National Center for Biotechnology Information.</cite></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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